How to format your references using the Injury Epidemiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Injury Epidemiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Connolly HC Jr. From stars to dust: looking into a circumstellar disk through chondritic meteorites. Science. 2005 Jan 7;307(5706):75–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Steven AC, Spear PG. Biochemistry. Viral glycoproteins and an evolutionary conundrum. Science. 2006 Jul 14;313(5784):177–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Charlebois RL, Beiko RG, Ragan MA. Microbial phylogenomics: Branching out. Nature. 2003 Jan 16;421(6920):217.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Tay Y, Zhang J, Thomson AM, Lim B, Rigoutsos I. MicroRNAs to Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2 coding regions modulate embryonic stem cell differentiation. Nature. 2008 Oct 23;455(7216):1124–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pompian MM. Advising Ultra-Affluent Clients and Family Offices. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2009.

An edited book

Brugali D, Broenink JF, Kroeger T, MacDonald BA, editors. Simulation, Modeling, and Programming for Autonomous Robots: 4th International Conference, SIMPAR 2014, Bergamo, Italy, October 20-23, 2014. Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Dameri RP. From IT Governance to IT Service Delivery. Implementing a Comprehensive Framework at Ansaldo STS. In: Spagnoletti P, editor. Organizational Change and Information Systems: Working and Living Together in New Ways. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013. p. 33–40.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Injury Epidemiology.

Blog post

Luntz S. “Dark Magma” Proposed To Explain Volcanic Mystery [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/dark-magma-proposed-explain-volcanic-mystery/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Multiyear Leasing and Government-Wide Purchasing of Automatic Data Processing Equipment Should Result in Significant Savings. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1971 Apr. Report No.: B-115369.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bishop S. The impact of attachment and social support on parents of children with autism [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg B. The King’s Choice. New York Times. 2017 Sep 21;C11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Connolly 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Connolly 2005; Steven and Spear 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Steven and Spear 2006)
Three or more authors: (Tay et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Injury Epidemiology
Abbreviation	Inj. Epidemiol.
ISSN (online)	2197-1714
Scope