How to format your references using the International Archives of Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Archives of Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Weinstock GM. Genomic approaches to studying the human microbiota. Nature. 2012 Sep 13;489(7415):250–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bloch JI, Boyer DM. Grasping primate origins. Science. 2002 Nov 22;298(5598):1606–10.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mayle FE, Burbridge R, Killeen TJ. Millennial-scale dynamics of southern Amazonian rain forests. Science. 2000 Dec 22;290(5500):2291–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Arbeitman MN, Furlong EEM, Imam F, Johnson E, Null BH, Baker BS, et al. Gene expression during the life cycle of Drosophila melanogaster. Science. 2002 Sep 27;297(5590):2270–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Smed J, Hakonen H. Algorithms and Networking for Computer Games. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2017.

An edited book

Brueckner SA, Marzo Serugendo GD, Karageorgos A, Nagpal R, editors. Engineering Self-Organising Systems: Methodologies and Applications. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005. XIII, 299 p. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol. 3464).

A chapter in an edited book

Stoilov T, Stoilova K. Portfolio Risk Management Modelling by Bi-level Optimization. In: Lu J, Jain LC, Zhang G, editors. Handbook on Decision Making: Vol 2: Risk Management in Decision Making. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 91–110. (Kacprzyk J, Jain LC, editors. Intelligent Systems Reference Library).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Archives of Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Can You Drink The Water On Mars? Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/can-you-drink-water-mars/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Award of Grant by Education. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1981 Nov. Report No.: B-204905.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Richard K. College Programs in Women’s Prisons: Faculty Perceptions of Teaching Higher Education Behind Bars [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hubbard B. Saudi-Led Coalition Admits Error in Funeral Bombing in Yemen. New York Times. 2016 Oct 15;A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	International Archives of Medicine
Abbreviation	Int. Arch. Med.
ISSN (print)	1755-7682
Scope	General Medicine