How to format your references using the International Archives of Science and Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Archives of Science and Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

R. Croce. Structural biology. A close view of photosystem I. Science 2015, 348 (6238), 970–971.

A journal article with 2 authors

F. Mery, T.J. Kawecki. A cost of long-term memory in Drosophila. Science 2005, 308 (5725), 1148.

A journal article with 3 authors

J.C. McElwain, J. Wade-Murphy, S.P. Hesselbo. Changes in carbon dioxide during an oceanic anoxic event linked to intrusion into Gondwana coals. Nature 2005, 435 (7041), 479–482.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

M. Pessiglione, L. Schmidt, B. Draganski, et al. How the brain translates money into force: a neuroimaging study of subliminal motivation. Science 2007, 316 (5826), 904–906.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

S. Smilansky. 10 Moral Paradoxes; Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford, UK, 2007.

An edited book

Methods for Measuring Greenhouse Gas Balances and Evaluating Mitigation Options in Smallholder Agriculture; Rosenstock, T. S., Rufino, M. C., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Wollenberg, L., Richards, M., Eds.; Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

D.M. Fliss, Z. Gil. Open Surgical Approaches to the Paranasal Sinuses. In Atlas of Surgical Approaches to Paranasal Sinuses and the Skull Base; Gil, Z., Ed.; Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2016; pp 109–137.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Archives of Science and Technology.

Blog post

T. Hale. This Is What Music Does To Your Brain https://www.iflscience.com/brain/science-why-we-listen-music/ (accessed Oct 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. No Child Left Behind Act: Improved Accessibility to Education’s Information Could Help States Further Implement Teacher Qualification Requirements; GAO-06-25; U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2005.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

F.I. Obasi. Policy analysis of the Fostering Connections to Success and Increasing Adoptions Act of 2008. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

M. Kelly. Clinton Said to Consider Sending Troops to Bosnia. New York Times. February 10, 1993, p A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	International Archives of Science and Technology
ISSN (print)	2347-8853
Scope