How to format your references using the International Immunopharmacology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Immunopharmacology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

B. Trivedi, Learning from the elite, Nature 466 (2010) S4.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

M.E. Farmer, P.S. Baran, Organic chemistry: A cure for catalyst poisoning, Nature 524 (2015) 164–165.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

S. Garofalo, M.E. Maier, G. di Pellegrino, Mediofrontal negativity signals unexpected omission of aversive events, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 4816.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

T.M. Palmer, M.L. Stanton, T.P. Young, J.R. Goheen, R.M. Pringle, R. Karban, Breakdown of an ant-plant mutualism follows the loss of large herbivores from an African savanna, Science 319 (2008) 192–195.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

T.K. Datta, Seismic Analysis of Structures, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2010.

An edited book

[1]

E. Lichtfouse, ed., Climate Change, Intercropping, Pest Control and Beneficial Microorganisms: Climate change, intercropping, pest control and beneficial microorganisms, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

U.A.K. Betz, N. Camacho, M. Gerards, S. Stremersch, Grassroots Innovation: A Promising Innovation Paradigm for Pharmaceutical Companies, in: M. Ding, J. Eliashberg, S. Stremersch (Eds.), Innovation and Marketing in the Pharmaceutical Industry: Emerging Practices, Research, and Policies, Springer, New York, NY, 2014: pp. 119–148.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Immunopharmacology.

Blog post

[1]

S. Luntz, SeaWorld CEO Resigns As Profits Tank After Animal Rights Backlash, IFLScience (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/seaworld-ceo-resigns-orca-anger-bites/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, TANF and Child Welfare Programs: Increased Data Sharing Could Improve Access to Benefits and Services, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2011.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

E.S. Marlatt, Effects of accelerated instruction on achievement gains of underprepared Catholic high school freshmen, Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

K. Crow, Columbia Roils Neighbors Again, Now Over an Elementary School, New York Times (2001) 144.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Immunopharmacology
Abbreviation	Int. Immunopharmacol.
ISSN (print)	1567-5769
Scope	Immunology Immunology and Allergy Pharmacology