How to format your references using the International Journal of Automotive Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Automotive Technology (IJAT). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Owens, I. P. F. (2002). Ecology and evolution. Sex differences in mortality rate. Science, 297, 5589, 2008–2009.

A journal article with 2 authors

Chhangani, D. and Mishra, A. (2013). Mahogunin ring finger-1 (MGRN1) suppresses chaperone-associated misfolded protein aggregation and toxicity. Sci. Rep., 3, 1972.

A journal article with 3 authors

London, A. J. et al. (2012). Research ethics. Rethinking research ethics: the case of postmarketing trials. Science, 336, 6081, 544–545.

A journal article with 3 or more authors

Mao, C. et al. (2000). Logical computation using algorithmic self-assembly of DNA triple-crossover molecules. Nature, 407, 6803, 493–496.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Laycock, J. and Meeran, K. (2012). Integrated Endocrinology. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Kirchhof, B. and Wong, D. (eds) (2005). Vitreo-retinal Surgery. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Holmberg, K. et al. (2014). Tweeting about Diabetes and Diets – Content and Conversational Connections. In Saranto, K. et al. (eds), Safe and Secure Cities: 5th International Conference on Well-Being in the Information Society, WIS 2014, Turku, Finland, August 18-20, 2014. Proceedings, Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 46–56.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Automotive Technology.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014). Watch A Bowling Ball And Feather Falling In A Vacuum. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2001). Information Technology: Leading Commercial Practices for Outsourcing of Services. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Davis, P. J. (2009). A comparison of a high and low -performing school in the Soroti Catholic Diocese, Uganda, East -Africa. Northcentral University, Scottsdale, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shear, M. D. and Weiland, N. (2017). Trump Lawyer Denies Inquiry, Reversing Boss. New York Times, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Owens, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Owens, 2002; Chhangani and Mishra, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Chhangani and Mishra, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Mao et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Automotive Technology
ISSN (print)	1229-9138
ISSN (online)	1976-3832
Scope