How to format your references using the International Journal of Lightweight Materials and Manufacture citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Lightweight Materials and Manufacture. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J.S. Hovnanian, Let Armenia show why it’s the place for Sesame, Nature 405 (2000) 508.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

K.M. Brown, Y. Fialko, “Melt welt” mechanism of extreme weakening of gabbro at seismic slip rates, Nature 488 (2012) 638–641.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

J.-R. King, T. Bekinschtein, S. Dehaene, Comment on “Preserved feedforward but impaired top-down processes in the vegetative state,” Science 334 (2011) 1203; author reply 1203.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

L.M. Loong, X. Qiu, Z.P. Neo, P. Deorani, Y. Wu, C.S. Bhatia, M. Saeys, H. Yang, Strain-enhanced tunneling magnetoresistance in MgO magnetic tunnel junctions, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 6505.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

R. Spiegel, Psychopharmacology, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2005.

An edited book

[1]

D. Djukić, The IMO Compendium: A Collection of Problems Suggested for The International Mathematical Olympiads: 1959-2009 Second Edition, Springer, New York, NY, 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

P. Ignaciuk, A. Bartoszewicz, Flow Control in Continuous-Time Systems, in: A. Bartoszewicz (Ed.), Congestion Control in Data Transmission Networks: Sliding Mode and Other Designs, Springer, London, 2013: pp. 61–86.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Lightweight Materials and Manufacture.

Blog post

[1]

J. Davis, Legalization Of Cannabis Dramatically Cuts Opioid Abuse Rates, IFLScience (2017). https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/legalization-of-cannabis-dramatically-cuts-opioid-abuse-rates/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Medicare: Callers Can Access 1-800-MEDICARE Services, but Responsibility within CMS for Limited English Proficiency Plan Unclear, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2008.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

I. Sumner, Quantum wavepacket ab initio molecular dynamics: Simulating quantum nuclear effects in complex systems, Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

S.K. (nyt), World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Fighter Jet Scrambled To Intercept U.S. Navy Plane, New York Times (2004) A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Lightweight Materials and Manufacture
ISSN (print)	2588-8404
Scope