How to format your references using the International Journal of Mental Health Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Mental Health Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Garner EC. GE Prize essay. Understanding a minimal DNA-segregating machine. Science. 2008;322:1486–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Culjkovic-Kraljacic B, Borden KLB. Cell biology. Puzzled by PML. Science. 2010;330:1183–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Li CW, Ciston J, Kanan MW. Electroreduction of carbon monoxide to liquid fuel on oxide-derived nanocrystalline copper. Nature. 2014;508:504–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Horjus DL, Nieuwland R, Boateng KB, Schaap MCL, van Montfrans GA, Clark JF, et al. Creatine kinase inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6551.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Tue NV, Reichel M, Fischer M. Berechnung und Bemessung von Betonbrücken. Berlin, Germany: Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG; 2016.

An edited book

1. Ramos S, Veiga H, editors. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. McGrath C, Rowan L. Things That Matter: Student Engagement and Technologies in Knowledge-Producing Schools. In: Rowan L, Bigum C, editors. Transformative Approaches to New Technologies and Student Diversity in Futures Oriented Classrooms: Future Proofing Education. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2012. p. 67–83.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Mental Health Systems.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. First Taste Of Freedom For 6 Overjoyed Animals Caught On Film [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/first-taste-freedom-6-overjoyed-animals-caught-film/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Year 2000 Computing Challenge: Readiness Improving Yet Avoiding Disruption of Critical Services Will Require Additional Work. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999 Jul. Report No.: T-AIMD-99-233.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. King GD. Public Works Directors’ Perceptions of the Effects of Stakeholders on Environmental Policies in California Cities [Doctoral dissertation]. [Phoenix, AZ]: University of Phoenix; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Walsh MW. Bipartisan Bill Poses Federal Control Over Puerto Rico’s Fiscal Affairs. New York Times. 2016 May 20;B5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Mental Health Systems
Abbreviation	Int. J. Ment. Health Syst.
ISSN (online)	1752-4458
Scope	Health Policy Psychiatry and Mental health Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Phychiatric Mental Health