How to format your references using the International Journal of Pavement Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Pavement Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Roos, D.S., 2005. Genetics. Themes and variations in apicomplexan parasite biology. Science (New York, N.Y.), 309 (5731), 72–73.

A journal article with 2 authors

Knaden, M. and Hansson, B.S., 2013. Neuroscience. Specialized but flexible. Science (New York, N.Y.), 339 (6116), 151–152.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mugnier, M.R., Cross, G.A.M., and Papavasiliou, F.N., 2015. The in vivo dynamics of antigenic variation in Trypanosoma brucei. Science (New York, N.Y.), 347 (6229), 1470–1473.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Richardson, A.D., Hufkens, K., Milliman, T., Aubrecht, D.M., Furze, M.E., Seyednasrollah, B., Krassovski, M.B., Latimer, J.M., Nettles, W.R., Heiderman, R.R., Warren, J.M., and Hanson, P.J., 2018. Ecosystem warming extends vegetation activity but heightens vulnerability to cold temperatures. Nature, 560 (7718), 368–371.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lee, M. and Bieker, G., 2009. Mastering. Indianapolis, IN, USA: Wiley Publishing, Inc.

An edited book

Altmann, J., Neumann, D., and Fahringer, T., eds., 2008. Grid Economics and Business Models: 5th International Workshop, GECON 2008, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, August 26, 2008. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Altun, K. and Barshan, B., 2010. Human Activity Recognition Using Inertial/Magnetic Sensor Units. In: A.A. Salah, T. Gevers, N. Sebe, and A. Vinciarelli, eds. Human Behavior Understanding: First International Workshop, HBU 2010, Istanbul, Turkey, August 22, 2010. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 38–51.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Pavement Engineering.

Blog post

Davis, J., 2017. Republicans Withdraw Plan To Sell Off 3.3 Million Acres Of Public Land After Intense Opposition [online]. IFLScience. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/republicans-withdraw-plan-to-sell-off-33-million-acres-of-public-land-after-intense-opposition/ [Accessed 30 Oct 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1983. Improvements in Certain District of Columbia Public Schools’ Administrative Operations. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, No. GGD-83-77.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nixon, H.A., 2015. Defining Principals: The Seen and the Unseen. A Critical Discourse Analysis of Interstate School Leaders Licensure Consortium Standards Five and Six. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, K., 2002. Making My Own Music. New York Times, 12 Oct, p. A21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Roos 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Roos 2005, Knaden and Hansson 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Knaden and Hansson 2013)
Three or more authors: (Richardson et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Pavement Engineering
Abbreviation	Int. J. Pavement Eng.
ISSN (print)	1029-8436
ISSN (online)	1477-268X
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Mechanics of Materials