How to format your references using the International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Perrin, S., 2014. Preclinical research: Make mouse studies work. Nature 507, 423–425.

A journal article with 2 authors

Goswami, P., Baruah, J., 2014. Quantitative assessment of relative roles of drivers of acute respiratory diseases. Sci. Rep. 4, 6532.

A journal article with 3 authors

Neves, S.R., Ram, P.T., Iyengar, R., 2002. G protein pathways. Science 296, 1636–1639.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Gao, J., Zhong, J., Bai, L., Liu, J., Zhao, G., Sun, X., 2014. Revealing the role of catalysts in carbon nanotubes and nanofibers by scanning transmission X-ray microscopy. Sci. Rep. 4, 3606.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Acharya, V.V., Cooley, T.F., Richardson, M., Walter, I., 2010. Regulating Wall Street. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Zani, S., Cerioli, A., Riani, M., Vichi, M. (Eds.), 2006. Data Analysis, Classification and the Forward Search: Proceedings of the Meeting of the Classification and Data Analysis Group (CLADAG) of the Italian Statistical Society, University of Parma, June 6–8, 2005, Studies in Classification, Data Analysis, and Knowledge Organization. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Asiki, A., Tsoumakos, D., Koziris, N., 2012. A DHT-Based System for the Management of Loosely Structured, Multidimensional Data, in: Hameurlain, A., Küng, J., Wagner, R., Liddle, S.W., Schewe, K.-D., Zhou, X. (Eds.), Transactions on Large-Scale Data- and Knowledge-Centered Systems VI: Special Issue on Database- and Expert-Systems Applications, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 134–166.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. Explainer: What Is A Superconductor? [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/physics/explainer-what-superconductor/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2003. Federal Aviation Administration: Reauthorization Provides Opportunities to Address Key Agency Challenges (No. GAO-03-653T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Reyes, J., 2009. Connections: A grant proposal for mothers struggling with substance abuse in the child welfare system (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

KATIE KELLY; Katie Kelly is the TV critic for WNBC-TV in New York, 1987. When You’d Rather Keep A Low Profile. New York Times 1033.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Perrin, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Goswami and Baruah, 2014; Perrin, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Goswami and Baruah, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Gao et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X
ISSN (print)	2590-1567
Scope