How to format your references using the International Journal of Public Health citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Public Health. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

McSwain MV (2014) Astrophysics: Black hole found orbiting a fast rotator. Nature 505:296–297

A journal article with 2 authors

Ruocco G, Fratalocchi A (2014) Period doubling induced by thermal noise amplification in genetic circuits. Sci Rep 4:7088

A journal article with 3 authors

Pawar S, Dell AI, Savage VM (2012) Dimensionality of consumer search space drives trophic interaction strengths. Nature 486:485–489

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Rooney HCE, Van’t Klooster JW, van der Hoorn RAL, et al (2005) Cladosporium Avr2 inhibits tomato Rcr3 protease required for Cf-2-dependent disease resistance. Science 308:1783–1786

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sillar KT, Picton LD, Heitler WJ (2016) The Neuroethology of Predation and Escape. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Du R (2013) The Mechanics of Mechanical Watches and Clocks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Chai KC, Tay KM, Lim CP (2015) A New Sign Distance-Based Ranking Method for Fuzzy Numbers. In: Handa H, Ishibuchi H, Ong Y-S, Tan K-C (eds) Proceedings of the 18th Asia Pacific Symposium on Intelligent and Evolutionary Systems - Volume 2. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 55–64

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Public Health.

Blog post

Davis J (2015) Does Kissing Really Create A Greater Risk Of Developing Mouth Cancer Than Smoking? In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/does-kissing-really-create-greater-risk-developing-mouth-cancer-smoking/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1998) Telecommunications and Information Technology: Federal Programs That Can Be Used to Fund Technology for Schools and Libraries. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lutchman C (2008) Leadership impact on turnover among power engineers in the Oil Sands of Alberta. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly DA (2010) Staying in Touch, for Less. New York Times TR3

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (McSwain 2014).
This sentence cites two references (McSwain 2014; Ruocco and Fratalocchi 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ruocco and Fratalocchi 2014)
Three or more authors: (Rooney et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Public Health
Abbreviation	Int. J. Public Health
ISSN (print)	1661-8556
ISSN (online)	1661-8564
Scope	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Health(social science)