How to format your references using the International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. van Pottelsberghe de la Potterie B. Patent fixes for Europe. Nature. 2010;467:395.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Kastan MB, Bartek J. Cell-cycle checkpoints and cancer. Nature. 2004;432:316–323.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Kashlinsky A, Odenwald S, Hogan CJ. Looking behind the stars. Science. 2000;289:246–247.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

1. Xu X, Sun B, Berman PR, et al. Coherent optical spectroscopy of a strongly driven quantum dot. Science. 2007;317:929–932.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Ben Chouikha M. Organizational Design for Knowledge Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

1. Gillies RM, Ashman AF, Terwel J eds. The Teacher’s Role in Implementing Cooperative Learning in the Classroom. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Qiao Y, Fallon E, Murphy L, et al. SCTP Performance Issue on Path Delay Differential. In: Boavida F, Monteiro E, Mascolo S, et al., eds. Wired/Wireless Internet Communications: 5th International Conference, WWIC 2007, Coimbra, Portugal, May 23-25, 2007. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007:43–54.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics.

Blog post

1. Hale T. Robotics Firm Creates 3D-Printed Superhero Prosthetic Arms. IFLScience. 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Air Traffic Control: Challenges Facing FAA’s Modernization Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Wilson EM. Lessons Learned from the Gender Wage Gap in the Federal Workforce: Structural Changes and Temporal Flexibility are Only the First Step to Equality. 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Oestreich JR. A Japanese Writer’s Reveries Are Voiced in Music. New York Times. 2017:C6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
Abbreviation	Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys.
ISSN (print)	0360-3016
ISSN (online)	1879-355X
Scope	Cancer Research Oncology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Radiation