How to format your references using the International Journal of Sustainable Energy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Sustainable Energy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Curl, Robert F. 2005. “Obituary: Richard E. Smalley (1943-2005).” Nature 438 (7071): 1094.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gorostiza, Pau, and Ehud Y. Isacoff. 2008. “Optical Switches for Remote and Noninvasive Control of Cell Signaling.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 322 (5900): 395–399.

A journal article with 3 authors

Brooks, Harold E., Gregory W. Carbin, and Patrick T. Marsh. 2014. “Increased Variability of Tornado Occurrence in the United States.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 346 (6207): 349–352.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Perillo, Bruno, Maria Neve Ombra, Alessandra Bertoni, Concetta Cuozzo, Silvana Sacchetti, Annarita Sasso, Lorenzo Chiariotti, Antonio Malorni, Ciro Abbondanza, and Enrico V. Avvedimento. 2008. “DNA Oxidation as Triggered by H3K9me2 Demethylation Drives Estrogen-Induced Gene Expression.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 319 (5860): 202–206.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rezg, Nidhal, Sofiene Dellagi, and Abdelhakim Khatab. 2014. Joint Optimization of Maintenance and Production Policies. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Schilder, Frank, Graham Katz, and James Pustejovsky, eds. 2007. Annotating, Extracting and Reasoning about Time and Events: International Seminar, Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, April 10-15, 2005. Revised Papers. Vol. 4795. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Hagg, Wilfried, and Christoph Mayer. 2016. “Water of the Pamir – Potential and Constraints.” In Mapping Transition in the Pamirs: Changing Human-Environmental Landscapes, edited by Hermann Kreutzmann and Teiji Watanabe, 69–78. Advances in Asian Human-Environmental Research. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Sustainable Energy.

Blog post

Davis, Josh. 2016. “Red Squirrels In The UK Are Infected By Human Leprosy.” IFLScience, IFLScience, November 11.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1999. Surface Transportation: Moving into the 21st Century. RCED-99-176. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Choi, Yong-Jin. 2003. “Function of Commissureless and Related Genes in Drosophila Neural Development.” Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, Linda. 2006. “Justices Reject Campaign Limits in Vermont Case.” New York Times, June 27, 2006.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Curl 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Curl 2005; Gorostiza and Isacoff 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gorostiza and Isacoff 2008)
Three authors: (Brooks, Carbin, and Marsh 2014)
4 or more authors: (Perillo et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Sustainable Energy
Abbreviation	Int. J. Sustain. Energy
ISSN (print)	1478-6451
ISSN (online)	1478-646X
Scope	Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes Process Chemistry and Technology General Energy Fuel Technology Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment