How to format your references using the International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hernandez, E.R., 2000. No room on the carousel for meeting of like minds. Nature 407, 285.

A journal article with 2 authors

Schlapbach, L., Züttel, A., 2001. Hydrogen-storage materials for mobile applications. Nature 414, 353–358.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hÿtch, M.J., Putaux, J.-L., Pénisson, J.-M., 2003. Measurement of the displacement field of dislocations to 0.03 A by electron microscopy. Nature 423, 270–273.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

van Dam, J.A., Abdul Aziz, H., Alvarez Sierra, M.A., Hilgen, F.J., van den Hoek Ostende, L.W., Lourens, L.J., Mein, P., van der Meulen, A.J., Pelaez-Campomanes, P., 2006. Long-period astronomical forcing of mammal turnover. Nature 443, 687–691.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Islam, M.R., Speight, J.G., 2016. Peak Energy: Myth or Reality? John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Richards, J. (Ed.), 2010. Mining, Society, and a Sustainable World, first. ed. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Zhang, C., Xia, C., Wang, H., Li, X., 2013. On the Spatial-temporal Reachability of DTNs, in: Su, J., Zhao, B., Sun, Z., Wang, X., Wang, F., Xu, K. (Eds.), Frontiers in Internet Technologies: Second CCF Internet Conference of China, ICoC 2013, Zhangjiajie, China, July 10, 2013, Revised Selected Papers, Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 40–49.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2014. ALMA Spots Double Star With Bizarre Planet-Forming Discs [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1977. Vulnerabilities of Telecommunications Systems to Unauthorized Use (No. LCD-77-102). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tabares, M., 2015. Comprehensive skills program for emancipated foster youth: A grant thesis project (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Chira, S., 2017. From Raising Consciousness to Raising Hell. New York Times SR8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hernandez, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Hernandez, 2000; Schlapbach and Züttel, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Schlapbach and Züttel, 2001)
Three or more authors: (van Dam et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology
ISSN (print)	2046-0430
Scope