How to format your references using the Intervirology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Intervirology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Roenneberg T. Chronobiology: the human sleep project. Nature. 2013 Jun;498(7455):427–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

Junge W, Rutherford AW. Obituary: Horst Tobias Witt (1922-2007). Nature. 2007 Jul;448(7152):425.

A journal article with 3 authors

Oganov AR, Brodholt JP, Price GD. The elastic constants of MgSiO3 perovskite at pressures and temperatures of the Earth’s mantle. Nature. 2001 Jun;411(6840):934–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Knight JM, Davidson LA, Herman D, Martin CR, Goldsby JS, Ivanov IV, et al. Non-invasive analysis of intestinal development in preterm and term infants using RNA-Sequencing. Sci Rep. 2014 Jun;4:5453.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Afoakwa EO. Chocolate Science and Technology. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

Daniels JC, editor. Butterfly Conservation in North America: Efforts to help save our charismatic microfauna. 1st ed. 2015. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Kotani J-I. Angioscopy Catheter Equipped with a Balloon for Blood Flow Attenuation. In: Mizuno K, Takano M, editors. Coronary Angioscopy. Tokyo: Springer Japan; 2015; pp 49–56.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Intervirology.

Blog post

Davis J. Zuckerberg And Chan Announce Plan To Tackle All Diseases Within A Century [Internet]. IFLScience. 2016 Sep [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/zuckerberg-and-chan-announce-plan-to-tackle-all-diseases-within-a-century/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. China: U.S. Universities in China Emphasize Academic Freedom but Face Internet Censorship and Other Challenges. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2016.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gaudet CJ. A General Approach to the Direct Detection of Dark Matter. 2013

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Craig S. Trump’s Brand Gets Lift From Aging Air Fleet. New York Times. 2016 Apr;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Intervirology
Abbreviation	Intervirology
ISSN (print)	0300-5526
ISSN (online)	1423-0100
Scope	Virology Infectious Diseases