How to format your references using the IZA Journal of European Labor Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IZA Journal of European Labor Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hill M (2015) Perspective: Be clear about the real risks. Nature 525:S14

A journal article with 2 authors

Demaurex N, Poburko D (2009) Cell biology. A revolving door for calcium. Science 326:57–58

A journal article with 3 authors

Wang L, Baade D, Patat F (2007) Spectropolarimetric diagnostics of thermonuclear supernova explosions. Science 315:212–214

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Brem RB, Yvert G, Clinton R, Kruglyak L (2002) Genetic dissection of transcriptional regulation in budding yeast. Science 296:752–755

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Aldridge P, O’Dwyer L (2013) Practical Emergency and Critical Care Veterinary Nursing. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., West Sussex, UK

An edited book

Dovey J (2012) Beginning Objective-C. Apress, Berkeley, CA

A chapter in an edited book

Dea C, Heckler M, Grunwald G, et al (2014) Layouts and UI Controls. In: Heckler M, Grunwald G, Pereda J, Phillips SM (eds) JavaFX 8: Introduction by Example. Apress, Berkeley, CA, pp 91–122

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IZA Journal of European Labor Studies.

Blog post

Hale T (2015) Rival Company Offers 1 Alternative Pill To Martin Shkreli’s 750 HIV Medication. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/rival-company-offers-1-alternative-pill-martin-shkreli-s-750-hiv-medication/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2003) Aviation Security: Progress Since September 11, 2001, and the Challenges Ahead. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lauterbach JR (2017) Golf in the Collective: Playing in Liminal Space. Doctoral dissertation, Pacifica Graduate Institute

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

MacFARQUHAR N (2015) By Focusing on Syria, Putin Is Catering to an Audience at Home. New York Times A14

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hill 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Demaurex and Poburko 2009; Hill 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Demaurex and Poburko 2009)
Three or more authors: (Brem et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	IZA Journal of European Labor Studies
ISSN (online)	2193-9012
Scope