How to format your references using the JA Clinical Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for JA Clinical Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Brown GC. Cell biology. NO says yes to mitochondria. Science. 2003;299:838–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Partridge L, Gems D. Benchmarks for ageing studies. Nature. 2007;450:165–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Geary C, Rothemund PWK, Andersen ES. RNA nanostructures. A single-stranded architecture for cotranscriptional folding of RNA nanostructures. Science. 2014;345:799–804.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Sachs C, Hildebrand M, Volkening S, Wintterlin J, Ertl G. Spatiotemporal self-organization in a surface reaction: from the atomic to the mesoscopic scale. Science. 2001;293:1635–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Rogers EF Jr. Aquinas and the Supreme Court. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2013.

An edited book

1. Leong SPL, Kitagawa Y, Kitajima M, editors. Selective Sentinel Lymphadenectomy for Human Solid Cancer. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Juyumaya J, Lambropoulou S. An Adelic Extension of the Jones Polynomial. In: Banagl M, Vogel D, editors. The Mathematics of Knots: Theory and Application. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011. p. 125–42.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for JA Clinical Reports.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Evidence of Recent Water on Mars [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. https://www.iflscience.com/space/evidence-recent-water-mars/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Assistance Provided for the Construction of Higher Education Academic Facilities. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1976 Dec. Report No.: 089087.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Leak SC. Building community capacity to meet the needs of our aging society: Interdisciplinary competency development for professionals [Doctoral dissertation]. [Chapel Hill, NC]: University of North Carolina; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Gordon MR, Schmitt E. U.S. Sends Civilians to Stabilize Recaptured Syrian Areas. New York Times. 2017 Jun 23;A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	JA Clinical Reports
Abbreviation	JA Clin. Rep.
ISSN (online)	2363-9024
Scope