How to format your references using the JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging (JCMG). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Marshall S. Climate change. Glacier retreat crosses a line. Science 2014;345(6199):872.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lake JK, Ostling A. Comment on “Functional traits and niche-based tree community assembly in an Amazonian forest.” Science 2009;324(5930):1015; author reply 1015.

A journal article with 3 authors

McQuibban GA, Saurya S, Freeman M. Mitochondrial membrane remodelling regulated by a conserved rhomboid protease. Nature 2003;423(6939):537–41.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Hensel KO, Boland V, Postberg J, et al. Differential expression of mucosal trefoil factors and mucins in pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases. Sci Rep 2014;4:7343.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stone CA, Zissu A. The Securitization Markets Handbook. Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012.

An edited book

Khokhlov AR. Conformation-Dependent Design of Sequences in Copolymers II. vol. 196. Berlin, Heidelberg:Springer, 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

Chanturia VA, Lavrinenko AA, Sorokin AP. COMBINED CHEMICAL-BENEFICIATION PROCESSES OF VALUABLE COMPONENTS EXTRACTION FROM COAL BURNING WASTES. In: Litvinenko V, editor. XVIII International Coal Preparation Congress: 28 June—01 July 2016 Saint-Petersburg, Russia. Cham:Springer International Publishing, 2016:29–34.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging.

Blog post

Evans K. Distinct Shapes Of Ancient Skulls Indicates Multiple Migrations Into Early Americas. IFLScience. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/distinct-shapes-of-ancient-skulls-indicates-multiple-migrations-into-early-americas/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Social Security Administration: Improved Planning and Performance Measures Are Needed to Help Ensure Successful Technology Modernization. Washington, DC:U.S. Government Printing Office, 2012.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Aguerrebere Y. Case study of home-school visits. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K. North, South, North Again . . . A Street Tries to Make Up Its Mind. New York Times 2002:145.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging
Abbreviation	JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging
ISSN (print)	1936-878X
ISSN (online)	1876-7591
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging