How to format your references using the Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Metzger TH (2002) Applied physics. Squeezing x-ray photons. Science 297:205–206

A journal article with 2 authors

Spalding MD, Brown BE (2015) Warm-water coral reefs and climate change. Science 350:769–771

A journal article with 3 authors

Kernbauer E, Ding Y, Cadwell K (2014) An enteric virus can replace the beneficial function of commensal bacteria. Nature 516:94–98

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Philippa B, Stolterfoht M, Burn PL, et al (2014) The impact of hot charge carrier mobility on photocurrent losses in polymer-based solar cells. Sci Rep 4:5695

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vitale J (2007) The Seven Lost Secrets of Success. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Preedy VR, Watson RR (2010) Handbook of Disease Burdens and Quality of Life Measures. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Dimcheva T, Kraptcheva S (2008) Lessons Learned and Good Practice in the Preparation of the National Implementation Plan (NIP) for the Management of Pops in the Republic of Bulgaria. In: Mehmetli E, Koumanova B (eds) The Fate of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Environment. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 31–49

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) The ‘Train Wreck’ Continues: Another Social Science Retraction. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/train-wreck-continues-another-social-science-retraction/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2004) Information Technology Management: Improvements Needed in Strategic Planning, Performance Measurement, and Investment Management Governmentwide. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Day JP (2010) Semirelativistic few body problems with matrix continued fraction methods. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly D (1994) Some Bad Role Models. New York Times 718

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism
Abbreviation	J. Bone Miner. Metab.
ISSN (print)	0914-8779
ISSN (online)	1435-5604
Scope	Endocrinology General Medicine Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Orthopedics and Sports Medicine