How to format your references using the Journal of Business Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Business Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Struhl K (2001) Gene regulation. A paradigm for precision. Science 293:1054–1055

A journal article with 2 authors

Traverso G, Langer R (2015) Perspective: Special delivery for the gut. Nature 519:S19

A journal article with 3 authors

Hines PJ, Wible B, McCartney M (2010) Science, language, and literacy. Learning to read, reading to learn. Introduction. Science 328:447

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Ma H, Ren H, Meng S, et al (2013) Novel porphyrinic porous organic frameworks for high performance separation of small hydrocarbons. Sci Rep 3:2611

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Morales G, Kacher C (2015) Short Selling with the O’Neil Disciples. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Huggenberger P, Epting J (eds) (2011) Urban Geology: Process-Oriented Concepts for Adaptive and Integrated Resource Management. Springer, Basel

A chapter in an edited book

Behnke S, Berg D (2013) Transcranial Ultrasonography in Movement Disorders. In: Nahab FB, Hattori N (eds) Neuroimaging of Movement Disorders. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, pp 71–92

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Business Economics.

Blog post

Andrew E (2013) Scientists have developed a prototype for self-replicating robots. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/scientists-have-developed-prototype-self-replicating-robots/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1991) Job Training Partnership Act: Racial and Gender Disparities in Services. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Altebarmakian T (2012) Salt of the Skin. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Poniewozik J (2017) The Rise of Surreality TV. New York Times C1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Struhl 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Struhl 2001; Traverso and Langer 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Traverso and Langer 2015)
Three or more authors: (Ma et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Business Economics
Abbreviation	J. Bus. Econ.
ISSN (print)	0044-2372
ISSN (online)	1861-8928
Scope	General Medicine