How to format your references using the Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Corless CL (2011) Medicine. Personalized cancer diagnostics. Science 334:1217–1218

A journal article with 2 authors

Elmquist JK, Flier JS (2004) Neuroscience. The fat-brain axis enters a new dimension. Science 304:63–64

A journal article with 3 authors

Le Galliard J-F, Clobert J, Ferrière R (2004) Physical performance and Darwinian fitness in lizards. Nature 432:502–505

A journal article with 5 or more authors

d’Adda di Fagagna F, Reaper PM, Clay-Farrace L, et al (2003) A DNA damage checkpoint response in telomere-initiated senescence. Nature 426:194–198

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kitai A (2011) Principles of Solar Cells, LEDs and Diodes: The role of the PN junction. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Ravenel JG (ed) (2013) Lung Cancer Imaging. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Yamaguchi M, Miura T (2014) Incremental Patterns in Text Search. In: Zavoral F, Jung JJ, Badica C (eds) Intelligent Distributed Computing VII: Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Intelligent Distributed Computing - IDC 2013, Prague, Czech Republic, September 2013. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 23–30

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology.

Blog post

Hale T (2015) Alcohol And Love Have Very Similar Effects On The Brain. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/hugs-not-drugs-alcohol-and-love-have-very-similar-effects-brain/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1993) Direct Student Loans: The Department of Education’s Implementation of Direct Lending. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Small CR (2013) An investigation on the effect(s) of different modes of intervention for weight management on HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol production among United States veterans. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rothenberg B (2017) Nadal and Federer Steady a Collision Course. New York Times SP1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Corless 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Elmquist and Flier 2004; Corless 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Elmquist and Flier 2004)
Three or more authors: (d’Adda di Fagagna et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology
Abbreviation	J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol.
ISSN (print)	0171-5216
ISSN (online)	1432-1335
Scope	Cancer Research General Medicine Oncology