How to format your references using the Journal of Critical Care citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Critical Care. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Jacobs M. A career is like a love affair. Science 2015;348:150.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Nisbet EG, Chappellaz J. Atmospheric science. Shifting gear, quickly. Science 2009;324:477–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Nørskov JK, Bligaard T, Kleis J. Chemistry. Rate control and reaction engineering. Science 2009;324:1655–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Mali SS, Kim H, Shim CS, Patil PS, Kim JH, Hong CK. Surfactant free most probable TiO₂ nanostructures via hydrothermal and its dye sensitized solar cell properties. Sci Rep 2013;3:3004.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Stamp M. Information Security. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Girach A, Smet MD de, editors. Diseases of the Vitreo-Macular Interface. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Fang J, Gao X, Gong X, Zhou A. Interpolation Based Local Postprocessing for Adaptive Finite Element Approximations in Electronic Structure Calculations. In: Huang Y, Kornhuber R, Widlund O, Xu J, editors. Domain Decomposition Methods in Science and Engineering XIX, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011, p. 51–61.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Critical Care.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. New Studies Fail To Find Associations Between Psychedelic Drugs And Mental Health Problems. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/new-studies-fail-find-associations-between-psychedelic-drugs-and-mental-health-problems/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Customs Service Modernization: Actions Needed to Correct Serious ACE Management and Technical Weaknesses. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Allen EL. Teacher Evaluation and Student Achievement in Elementary Education. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Sisario B. Bruce Springsteen: Greetings From Broadway. New York Times 2017:C5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Critical Care
Abbreviation	J. Crit. Care
ISSN (print)	0883-9441
Scope	Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine