How to format your references using the Journal of Development Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Development Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ulbricht, M., 2015. Materials science: gating mechanism under pressure. Nature 519, 41–42.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wang, W., Yuan, D., 2014. Mesoporous carbon originated from non-permanent porous MOFs for gas storage and CO2/CH4 separation. Sci. Rep. 4, 5711.

A journal article with 3 authors

Merz, A.J., So, M., Sheetz, M.P., 2000. Pilus retraction powers bacterial twitching motility. Nature 407, 98–102.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Hu, X., Chen, D., Cui, Y., Li, Z., Huang, J., 2013. Targeting microRNA-23a to inhibit glioma cell invasion via HOXD10. Sci. Rep. 3, 3423.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Oden, J.T., 2011. An Introduction to Mathematical Modeling. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Kő, A., Francesconi, E. (Eds.), 2015. Electronic Government and the Information Systems Perspective: 4th International Conference, EGOVIS 2015, Valencia, Spain, September 1-3, 2015, Proceedings, 1st ed. 2015. ed, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Xu, J., Tsukamoto, H., 2016. Animal Models of Alcoholic Liver Disease, in: Chalasani, N., Szabo, G. (Eds.), Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Bench to Bedside. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 103–119.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Development Economics.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2014. 10 Deadliest Diseases in Human History [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1986. Federal Funding Mechanisms in Support of University Research (No. 129326). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Watts, K.S., 2008. The Effectiveness of a Social Story Intervention in Decreasing Disruptive Behavior in Autistic Children (Doctoral dissertation). Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G., 2011. Days of a Dynasty Are Only a Memory For a Distinct Race. New York Times SP7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ulbricht, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Ulbricht, 2015; Wang and Yuan, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wang and Yuan, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Hu et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Development Economics
Abbreviation	J. Dev. Econ.
ISSN (print)	0304-3878
Scope	Economics and Econometrics Development