How to format your references using the Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences (JEF). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gottfried, K., 2002, ‘Matter all in the mind’, Nature, 419(6903), 117.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bennett, C.H. & Shor, P.W., 2004, ‘Computers and mathematics. Quantum channel capacities’, Science (New York, N.Y.), 303(5665), 1784–1787.

A journal article with 3 authors

Courchamp, F., Woodroffe, R. & Roemer, G., 2003, ‘Removing protected populations to save endangered species’, Science (New York, N.Y.), 302(5650), 1532.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Flo, T.H., Smith, K.D., Sato, S., Rodriguez, D.J., Holmes, M.A., Strong, R.K., Akira, S. & Aderem, A., 2004, ‘Lipocalin 2 mediates an innate immune response to bacterial infection by sequestrating iron’, Nature, 432(7019), 917–921.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chin, W., 2016, Reservoir Engineering in Modern Oilfields, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Canadell, J.G., Pataki, D.E. & Pitelka, L.F. (eds.), 2007, Terrestrial Ecosystems in a Changing World, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Hospers, G.-J. & Reverda, N., 2015, ‘The Geography of Population Decline’, in N. Reverda (ed.), Managing Population Decline in Europe’s Urban and Rural Areas, SpringerBriefs in Population Studies., pp. 29–37, Springer International Publishing, Cham.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences.

Blog post

Andrews, R., 2016, Global Warming Was A Fifth Worse In The Last 150 Years Than Historical Records Show, IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1981, Comments on S. 881 and GAO Report on Small-Business Innovation Initiatives, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nikolova, S., 2010, Health insurance transitions of SCHIP-eligible children in response to higher public premiums – PhD thesis, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC .

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G., 2011, Someone Ought To Make a Movie, New York Times, p. SP2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gottfried 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Gottfried 2002; Bennett & Shor 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bennett & Shor 2004)
Three or more authors: (Flo et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences
ISSN (print)	1995-7076
ISSN (online)	2312-2803
Scope