How to format your references using the Journal of Fetal Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Fetal Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Brookfield JF. Predicting the future. Nature. 2001;411:999.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Keller CB, Schoene B. Statistical geochemistry reveals disruption in secular lithospheric evolution about 2.5 Gyr ago. Nature. 2012;485:490–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. del Campo A, Goold J, Paternostro M. More bang for your buck: super-adiabatic quantum engines. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6208.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Mills EL, Pierce KA, Jedrychowski MP, Garrity R, Winther S, Vidoni S, et al. Accumulation of succinate controls activation of adipose tissue thermogenesis. Nature. 2018;560:102–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Chitrapu P. Wideband TDD. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2005.

An edited book

1. Calderer M-CT, Terentjev EM, editors. Modeling of Soft Matter. New York, NY: Springer; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Froeschlé C, Lega E. The fine structure of Hamiltonian systems revealed using the Fast Lyapunov Indicator. In: Steves BA, Maciejewski AJ, Hendry M, editors. Chaotic Worlds: From Order to Disorder in Gravitational N-Body Dynamical Systems. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2006. p. 131–65.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Fetal Medicine.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Record Breaking Female Shark Stores Sperm For Almost 4 Years [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/record-breaking-female-shark-stores-sperm-almost-4-years/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Pipeline Safety: Management of the Office of Pipeline Safety’s Enforcement Program Needs Further Strengthening. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2004 Jul. Report No.: GAO-04-801.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Warrick AD. “Deep” South: Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, and Environmental Knowledge, 1800-1974 [Doctoral dissertation]. [Mississippi State, MS]: Mississippi State University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Saslow L. School Chief, Never Accused, Quits After Scandal. New York Times. 2006 Oct 21;LI2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Fetal Medicine
Abbreviation	J. Fetal Med.
ISSN (print)	2348-1153
ISSN (online)	2348-8859
Scope