How to format your references using the Journal of Financial Markets citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Financial Markets. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Davis, B.G., 2004. Biochemistry. Mimicking posttranslational modifications of proteins. Science 303, 480–482.

A journal article with 2 authors

Choi, W., Peifer, M., 2011. Cell biology. Arranging a cellular checkerboard. Science 333, 1099–1100.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bartels, T., Choi, J.G., Selkoe, D.J., 2011. α-Synuclein occurs physiologically as a helically folded tetramer that resists aggregation. Nature 477, 107–110.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Hoeijmakers, H.J., Ehrenreich, D., Heng, K., Kitzmann, D., Grimm, S.L., Allart, R., Deitrick, R., Wyttenbach, A., Oreshenko, M., Pino, L., Rimmer, P.B., Molinari, E., Di Fabrizio, L., 2018. Atomic iron and titanium in the atmosphere of the exoplanet KELT-9b. Nature 560, 453–455.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Leuf, B., 2006. The Semantic Web. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Bennett, S.T., 2015. Laboratory Hemostasis: A Practical Guide for Pathologists, 2nd ed. 2015. ed. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Goddard, J., Goddard, M., 2011. The Elbow, in: Daniels, J., Hoffman, M.R. (Eds.), Common Musculoskeletal Problems: A Handbook. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 25–31.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Financial Markets.

Blog post

Luntz, S., 2015. Algae Blooms Alter Nitrogen And Phosphorus Cycles In Lakes To Their Benefit [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/environment/algal-blooms-change-lakes-their-liking/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1999. Customs Service Modernization: Ineffective Software Development Processes Increase Customs System Development Risks (No. AIMD-99-35). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Arnold, J.M., 2009. Accountability in British Columbia: A case study connecting policy and practice (Doctoral dissertation). University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kanter, J., 2017. May Offers a Plan for Europeans to Stay in Britain After Brexit. New York Times A9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Davis, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Choi and Peifer, 2011; Davis, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Choi and Peifer, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Hoeijmakers et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Financial Markets
Abbreviation	J. Fin. Mark.
ISSN (print)	1386-4181
Scope	Economics and Econometrics Finance