How to format your references using the Journal of Forest Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Forest Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Covington, W.W., 2000. Helping western forests heal. Nature 408, 135–136.

A journal article with 2 authors

Moscou, M.J., Bogdanove, A.J., 2009. A simple cipher governs DNA recognition by TAL effectors. Science 326, 1501.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sachs, J.P., Anderson, R.F., Lehman, S.J., 2001. Glacial surface temperatures of the southeast Atlantic Ocean. Science 293, 2077–2079.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zhang, Z., Ahn, P., Dong, B., Balogun, O., Sun, C., 2013. Quantitative imaging of rapidly decaying evanescent fields using plasmonic near-field scanning optical microscopy. Sci. Rep. 3, 2803.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Malcolm, D., 2012. The British and Irish Short Story Handbook. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Pitha, P.M. (Ed.), 2007. Interferon: The 50th Anniversary, Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Hesse, H., Hoefgen, R., 2008. Metabolism of Methionine in Plants and Phototrophic Bacteria, in: Hell, R., Dahl, C., Knaff, D., Leustek, T. (Eds.), Sulfur Metabolism in Phototrophic Organisms, Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 93–110.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Forest Economics.

Blog post

Carpineti, A., 2016. Exoplanet Infographics Highlights The Lack Of Twin Earths [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/space/exoplanet-infographics-highlights-the-lack-of-twin-earths/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2011. Next Generation Air Transportation System: Linking Test Facilities Can Help Leverage Resources and Improve Technology Transfer Efforts (No. GAO-12-187T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Garcia, M., 2009. Perception of Latino students by teachers and counselors in the educational system (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

St. John Kelly, E., 1993. PLAYING IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD. New York Times 1321.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Covington, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Covington, 2000; Moscou and Bogdanove, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Moscou and Bogdanove, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Zhang et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Forest Economics
Abbreviation	J. For. Res.
ISSN (print)	1104-6899
Scope	Forestry Ecology Geography, Planning and Development