How to format your references using the Journal of Further and Higher Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Further and Higher Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bosch, X. 2000. “Spanish Postgrads Push for Better Employment Rights.” Nature 405 (6788): 723.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hollowed, Anne B., and Svein Sundby. 2014. “Ecology. Change Is Coming to the Northern Oceans.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 344 (6188): 1084–1085.

A journal article with 3 authors

Donlea, Jeffrey M., Narendrakumar Ramanan, and Paul J. Shaw. 2009. “Use-Dependent Plasticity in Clock Neurons Regulates Sleep Need in Drosophila.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 324 (5923): 105–108.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Hase, Muneaki, Masahiro Kitajima, Anca Monia Constantinescu, and Hrvoje Petek. 2003. “The Birth of a Quasiparticle in Silicon Observed in Time-Frequency Space.” Nature 426 (6962): 51–54.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Flaus, Jean-Marie. 2013. Risk Analysis. Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Shahid, Shabbir A. 2014. United Arab Emirates Keys to Soil Taxonomy. Edited by Mahmoud A. Abdelfattah, Michael A. Wilson, John A. Kelley, and Joseph V. Chiaretti. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Sadilek, Daniel A., and Guido Wachsmuth. 2008. “Prototyping Visual Interpreters and Debuggers for Domain-Specific Modelling Languages.” In Model Driven Architecture – Foundations and Applications: 4th European Conference, ECMDA-FA 2008, Berlin, Germany, June 9-13, 2008. Proceedings, edited by Ina Schieferdecker and Alan Hartman, 63–78. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Further and Higher Education.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2015. “Key Ingredient For Life Discovered On Mars.” IFLScience, IFLScience, March 25. https://www.iflscience.com/space/compounds-important-life-discovered-mars/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1998. Aviation Safety: FAA’s Use of Emergency Orders to Revoke or Suspend Operating Certificates. RCED-98-199. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Manso, Phoebe Hechanova. 2017. “Teacher Evaluation: A Qualitative Study on Growth-Producing Practices in K-8 Schools.” Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Apuzzo, Matt, Adam Goldman, and Mark Mazzetti. 2017. “F.B.I. Warned G.O.P. Congressman Russian Spies Were Recruiting Him.” New York Times, May 19, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bosch 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Bosch 2000; Hollowed and Sundby 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hollowed and Sundby 2014)
Three authors: (Donlea, Ramanan, and Shaw 2009)
4 or more authors: (Hase et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Further and Higher Education
Abbreviation	J. Furth. High. Educ.
ISSN (print)	0309-877X
ISSN (online)	1469-9486
Scope	Education