How to format your references using the Journal of Gerontological Nursing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Gerontological Nursing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lane J. Science innovation. Assessing the impact of science funding. Science. 2009;324(5932):1273-1275.

A journal article with 2 authors

Marsan D, Lengliné O. Extending earthquakes’ reach through cascading. Science. 2008;319(5866):1076-1079.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hayes M, Scarlata C, Siana B. Central powering of the largest Lyman-α nebula is revealed by polarized radiation. Nature. 2011;476(7360):304-307.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Miritello G, Lara R, Cebrian M, Moro E. Limited communication capacity unveils strategies for human interaction. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1950.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Center for Chemical Process Safety. Recognizing Catastrophic Incident Warning Signs in the Process Industries. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

Teufel S. Bohmian Mechanics: The Physics and Mathematics of Quantum Theory. (Dürr D, ed.). Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Grinin L, Korotayev A. Afterword: The Great Convergence and Possible Increase in Global Instability, or the World Without an Absolute Leader. In: Korotayev A, ed. Great Divergence and Great Convergence: A Global Perspective. Springer International Publishing; 2015:159-166.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Gerontological Nursing.

Blog post

Andrew E. The Universe’s Most Miraculous Molecule. IFLScience. October 10, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/universe-s-most-miraculous-molecule/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Status Information: FAA’s Year 2000 Business Continuity and Contingency Planning Efforts Are Ongoing. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mazgaeen L. Differential RNAi Approaches to Enhance Knockdown Efficiency of Target Gene Transcripts in the Highly DDT-Resistant 91-R Strain of Drosophila Melanogaster. Doctoral dissertation. Southern Illinois University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly M. Political Memo; The New Year at a New Age Retreat: The Clintons in Agreeable Company. New York Times. December 31, 1992:A21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Gerontological Nursing
Abbreviation	J. Gerontol. Nurs.
ISSN (print)	0098-9134
ISSN (online)	1938-243X
Scope	Gerontology