How to format your references using the Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ebert, D. 2011. “Genomics. A genome for the environment.” Science (New York, N.Y.), 331 (6017): 539–540.

A journal article with 2 authors

Rowitch, D. H., and A. R. Kriegstein. 2010. “Developmental genetics of vertebrate glial-cell specification.” Nature, 468 (7321): 214–222.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kirichok, Y., G. Krapivinsky, and D. E. Clapham. 2004. “The mitochondrial calcium uniporter is a highly selective ion channel.” Nature, 427 (6972): 360–364.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Proverbio, A. M., M. Calbi, M. Manfredi, and A. Zani. 2014. “Audio-visuomotor processing in the musician’s brain: an ERP study on professional violinists and clarinetists.” Scientific reports, 4: 5866.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Morris, G. L. 2014. Investing with the Trend. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Everitt, A. V., S. I. S. Rattan, D. G. le Couteur, and R. de Cabo, eds. 2010. Calorie Restriction, Aging and Longevity. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Spirakis, P. G. 2011. “Population Protocols and Related Models.” Theoretical Aspects of Distributed Computing in Sensor Networks, Monographs in Theoretical Computer Science, edited by S. Nikoletseas and J. D. P. Rolim, 109–159. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste.

Blog post

Andrew, D. 2017. “How New Hepatitis C Drugs Could Tackle Liver Cancer, Too.” IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1989. Battlefield Automation: Field Artillery Data Systems Acquisition Problems and Budget Impacts. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Perelygin, K. 2012. “Developing physics simulations with OpenCL on a graphics processing unit.” Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

McKINLEY, J. C., Jr. 2017. “Man Who Said He Was Angry at Whites Gets 25 Years for Fatal Punch in Union Sq.” New York Times, September 12, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ebert 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Ebert 2011; Rowitch and Kriegstein 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Rowitch and Kriegstein 2010)
Three or more authors: (Proverbio et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste
Abbreviation	J. Hazard. Toxic Radioact. Waste
ISSN (print)	2153-5493
ISSN (online)	2153-5515
Scope	General Chemical Engineering Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Environmental Chemistry Environmental Engineering Waste Management and Disposal Water Science and Technology