How to format your references using the Journal of Hospital Infection citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Hospital Infection. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Baker PA. Paleoclimate. Trans-Atlantic climate connections. Science 2002;296:67–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Abel GJ, Sander N. Quantifying global international migration flows. Science 2014;343:1520–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Froemke RC, Merzenich MM, Schreiner CE. A synaptic memory trace for cortical receptive field plasticity. Nature 2007;450:425–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Fierro S, Seishima R, Nagano O, Saya H, Einaga Y. In vivo pH monitoring using boron doped diamond microelectrode and silver needles: application to stomach disorder diagnosis. Sci Rep 2013;3:3257.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Ibrahim MA. Disturbance Analysis for Power Systems. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Talaba D, Amditis A, editors. Product Engineering: Tools and Methods Based on Virtual Reality. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Bedigian D. African Origins of Sesame Cultivation in the Americas. In: Voeks R, Rashford J, editors. African Ethnobotany in the Americas, New York, NY: Springer; 2013, p. 67–120.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Hospital Infection.

Blog post

[1]

O`Callaghan J. Check Out These Amazing Photos Of SpaceX’s Latest Super-Accurate Rocket Landing. IFLScience 2017.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration: Light Truck Average Fuel Economy Standard, Model Year 1999. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Hatton H. How Rural Elementary Building Principals Conceptualize the Programs in Their Schools, the Processes of Connecting Students to Programs, and Their Leadership Role in Doing So. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Belson K, Pilon M. After Tying in 100, Advancing in 200. New York Times 2012:B10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Hospital Infection
Abbreviation	J. Hosp. Infect.
ISSN (print)	0195-6701
Scope	General Medicine Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical)