How to format your references using the Journal of Information Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Information Technology (JIT). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Amelin, Y. (2005). Meteorite phosphates show constant 176Lu decay rate since 4557 million years ago, Science (New York, N.Y.) 310(5749): 839–841.

A journal article with 2 authors

Salazar-Ciudad, I. and Marín-Riera, M. (2013). Adaptive dynamics under development-based genotype-phenotype maps, Nature 497(7449): 361–364.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rowe, T. B., Macrini, T. E. and Luo, Z.-X. (2011). Fossil evidence on origin of the mammalian brain, Science (New York, N.Y.) 332(6032): 955–957.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Jia, D., Jurkowska, R. Z., Zhang, X., Jeltsch, A. and Cheng, X. (2007). Structure of Dnmt3a bound to Dnmt3L suggests a model for de novo DNA methylation, Nature 449(7159): 248–251.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Nash, C. E. (2011). The History of Aquaculture, Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Guo, S. and Wong, L. (Eds.). (2015). Revisiting Multiculturalism in Canada: Theories, Policies and Debates, Rotterdam: SensePublishers.

A chapter in an edited book

Hwang, Y. T. and Chu, C. N. (2011). The Design of Adaptive Error Feedback Music Ear-Training System with Image Cues, In J. A. Jacko (Ed.), Human-Computer Interaction. Users and Applications: 14th International Conference, HCI International 2011, Orlando, FL, USA, July 9-14, 2011, Proceedings, Part IV, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 35–38.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Information Technology.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2015, June 23). Crabs are Gobbling Up Our Mangrove Restoration Efforts, IFLScience. Retrieved October 30, 2018, from https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/crabs-are-gobbling-our-mangrove-restoration-efforts/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2002). Customs Service Modernization: Third Expenditure Plan Meets Legislative Conditions, but Cost Estimating Improvements Needed (No. GAO-02-908), Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Villagomez, G. C. (2017). Helping Foster Parents and Kinship Caregivers Support High School Graduation for Children in Their Care: A Self-Instructional Workbook (Doctoral dissertation).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Herrman, J. (2016, August 24). Blue State, New York Times, p. MM50.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Amelin, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Amelin, 2005; Salazar-Ciudad and Marín-Riera, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Salazar-Ciudad and Marín-Riera, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Jia et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Information Technology
Abbreviation	J. Inf. Technol.
ISSN (print)	0268-3962
ISSN (online)	1466-4437
Scope	Strategy and Management Information Systems Library and Information Sciences