How to format your references using the Journal of International Humanitarian Action citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of International Humanitarian Action. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Steinhardt P (2014) Big Bang blunder bursts the multiverse bubble. Nature 510:9

A journal article with 2 authors

Dalton R, Cyranoski D (2000) Baja peninsula claims five victims in tragic accident. Nature 404:533

A journal article with 3 authors

Takahashi JS, Shimomura K, Kumar V (2008) Searching for genes underlying behavior: lessons from circadian rhythms. Science 322:909–912

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Fu D, Uauy C, Distelfeld A, et al (2009) A kinase-START gene confers temperature-dependent resistance to wheat stripe rust. Science 323:1357–1360

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Fliszár S (2008) Atomic Charges, Bond Properties, and Molecular Energies. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Drechsel P, Qadir M, Wichelns D (eds) (2015) Wastewater: Economic Asset in an Urbanizing World. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Haddad MR, Baazaoui H, Aufaure MA, et al (2009) Towards an Integration of Space and Accessibility in Web Personalization. In: Carswell JD, Fotheringham AS, McArdle G (eds) Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems: 9th International Symposium, W2GIS 2009, Maynooth, Ireland, December 7-8, 2009. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 39–55

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of International Humanitarian Action.

Blog post

Fang J (2015) Researchers Discover Enormous Ancient Crocodile That Walked Upright. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/carolina-butcher-croc-stalked-north-america-dinosaurs-arrived/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1987) Social Security: State Vocational Rehabilitation Agencies’ Reimbursement for the Disabled. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Crozier CF (2012) A qualitative study of teacher job satisfaction in an evolutionary and mandated change environment. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Poniewozik J (2017) The Eve of Destruction, as Seen on TV. New York Times C1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Steinhardt 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Dalton and Cyranoski 2000; Steinhardt 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Dalton and Cyranoski 2000)
Three or more authors: (Fu et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of International Humanitarian Action
Abbreviation	J. Int. Humanit. Action
ISSN (print)	2364-3412
ISSN (online)	2364-3404
Scope