How to format your references using the Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Snell WJ : Development. Plant gametes do fertilization with a twist. Science 338 : 1038–1039, 2012

A journal article with 2 authors

Zhu M, Yu X : A primitive fish close to the common ancestor of tetrapods and lungfish. Nature 418 : 767–770, 2002

A journal article with 3 authors

Abelson M, Baer G, Agnon A : Evidence from gabbro of the Troodos ophiolite for lateral magma transport along a slow-spreading mid-ocean ridge. Nature 409 : 72–75, 2001

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Wee SH, Zuev YL, Cantoni C, Goyal A : Engineering nanocolumnar defect configurations for optimized vortex pinning in high temperature superconducting nanocomposite wires. Sci Rep 3 : 2310, 2013

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chapman RJ : Simple Tools and Techniques for Enterprise Risk Management. Chichester, West Sussex, UK : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2012

An edited book

Kharchenko VP : Ultrasound Diagnostics of Thyroid Diseases. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer, 2010

A chapter in an edited book

Wang XA, Ma J, Yang X, Wei Y : Security Analysis of Two Identity Based Proxy Re-encryption Schemes in Multi-user Networks. in Nguyen NT, Kowalczyk R, Xhafa F (eds) : Transactions on Computational Collective Intelligence XIX, Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer, 2015: pp69–88

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society.

Blog post

Andrew E : Smoking Pot Could Make You More Prone To False Memories. IFLScience 2015

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office : Education Block Grant: How Funds Reserved for State Efforts in California and Washington Are Used. 1986

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Thompson T : Assessing the determinants of information technology adoption in Jamaica’s public sector using the technology acceptance model. Doctoral dissertation. Northcentral University. 2010

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Davey M, Walsh MW : Plan to Exit Bankruptcy Is Approved for Detroit. New York Times A11, 2014

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ²⁾.
This sentence cites two references ^2,4).
This sentence cites four references ^4,5,7,8).

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
Abbreviation	J. Korean Neurosurg. Soc.
ISSN (print)	2005-3711
ISSN (online)	1598-7876
Scope	Clinical Neurology Surgery General Neuroscience