How to format your references using the Journal of Medical Physics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Medical Physics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ladegaard Skov A. Materials science: Like cartilage, but simpler. Nature 2015;517(7532):25–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Byrne S, Ingersoll AP. A sublimation model for martian south polar ice features. Science 2003;299(5609):1051–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

Blaser E, Pylyshyn ZW, Holcombe AO. Tracking an object through feature space. Nature 2000;408(6809):196–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Coxall HK, Wilson PA, Pälike H, Lear CH, Backman J. Rapid stepwise onset of Antarctic glaciation and deeper calcite compensation in the Pacific Ocean. Nature 2005;433(7021):53–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kerzner H. Project Management 2.0. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2015.

An edited book

Kalthoff H, editor. Death Receptors and Cognate Ligands in Cancer. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Maskat R, Paton NW, Embury SM. Pay-as-You-Go Ranking of Schema Mappings Using Query Logs. In: Bodenreider O, Rance B, editors. Data Integration in the Life Sciences: 8th International Conference, DILS 2012, College Park, MD, USA, June 28-29, 2012. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. page 37–52.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Medical Physics.

Blog post

Fang J. Tiny Vibrating Hairs Help Bees Sense Electrical Signals Sent From Flowers [Internet]. IFLScience2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30];Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/tiny-vibrating-hairs-help-bees-sense-electrical-signals-sent-flowers/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1977.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pope C. Words in the Garden. 2010;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley B. Considering the Lives That Shape Our Own. New York Times2016;C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference ^[1].
This sentence cites two references ^[1,2].
This sentence cites four references ^[1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Medical Physics
Abbreviation	J. Med. Phys.
ISSN (print)	0971-6203
ISSN (online)	1998-3913
Scope	Biophysics Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging