How to format your references using the Journal of Neuroinflammation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Neuroinflammation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Allen KA. Geochemistry: When carbon escaped from the sea. Nature. 2015;518:176–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Kilger C, Bartenbach K. Patent law. New rules for German professors. Science. 2002;298:1173–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Li W-W, Yu H-Q, Rittmann BE. Chemistry: Reuse water pollutants. Nature. 2015;528:29–31.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Wang H, Keum JK, Hiltner A, Baer E, Freeman B, Rozanski A, et al. Confined crystallization of polyethylene oxide in nanolayer assemblies. Science. 2009;323:757–60.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Koch HJ. Practical Guide to International Standardization for Electrical Engineers. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

1. Kaiser M, Kurath M, Maasen S, Rehmann-Sutter C, editors. Governing Future Technologies: Nanotechnology and the Rise of an Assessment Regime. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Hardesty DL. Historical Archaeology and the Environment: A North American Perspective. In: Gaimster D, Majewski T, editors. International Handbook of Historical Archaeology. New York, NY: Springer; 2009. p. 67–75.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Neuroinflammation.

Blog post

1. Davis J. Bornean Orangutans Now Considered Critically Endangered. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. VOR/DME and LORAN Expansion. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1993 Aug. Report No.: RCED-93-211R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Graves IS. Positioning of Fifth Grade Students in Small-Group Settings: Naming Participation in Discussion-Based Mathematics [Doctoral dissertation]. [Bloomington, IN]: Indiana University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Leland J. Faith and Family, in Transition. New York Times. 2017 Jun 16;MB1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Neuroinflammation
Abbreviation	J. Neuroinflammation
ISSN (online)	1742-2094
Scope	Immunology General Neuroscience Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Neurology