How to format your references using the Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J. Feldman, Minimization of Boolean complexity in human concept learning, Nature 407 (2000) 630–633.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

P. Smaglik, A. Smith, A route to flexible working, Nature 415 (2002) 4–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M. Bressan, G. Liu, T. Mikawa, Early mesodermal cues assign avian cardiac pacemaker fate potential in a tertiary heart field, Science 340 (2013) 744–748.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

C. Tinker-Mill, J. Mayes, D. Allsop, O.V. Kolosov, Ultrasonic force microscopy for nanomechanical characterization of early and late-stage amyloid-β peptide aggregation, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 4004.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

G. Heads, Living Mindfully, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2017.

An edited book

[1]

A. Kuznetsov, Electroweak Processes in External Active Media, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

D. Barth, O. Bournez, O. Boussaton, J. Cohen, Distributed Learning of Wardrop Equilibria, in: C.S. Calude, J.F. Costa, R. Freund, M. Oswald, G. Rozenberg (Eds.), Unconventional Computing: 7th International Conference, UC 2008 Vienna, Austria, August 25-28, 2008. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2008: pp. 19–32.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Geometry Allows Stem Cells To Organize, Differentiate Naturally, IFLScience (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/geometry-allows-stem-cells-organize-differentiate-naturally/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Bank Regulators’ Evaluation of Electronic Signature Systems, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2000.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

E.M. Aparicio, Examining Latina/o STEM degree aspirations, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

B. Shpigel, Return to Health Fuels Cruz, and Giants Fans, New York Times (2016) SP10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Abbreviation	J. Non Cryst. Solids
ISSN (print)	0022-3093
Scope	Ceramics and Composites Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Materials Chemistry Condensed Matter Physics