How to format your references using the Journal of Ornithology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Ornithology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Behrensmeyer AK (2006) Atmosphere. Climate change and human evolution. Science 311:476–478

A journal article with 2 authors

Errington JR, Debenedetti PG (2001) Relationship between structural order and the anomalies of liquid water. Nature 409:318–321

A journal article with 3 authors

Baksh MM, Jaros M, Groves JT (2004) Detection of molecular interactions at membrane surfaces through colloid phase transitions. Nature 427:139–141

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Boorum MM, Vasil’ev YV, Drewello T, Scott LT (2001) Groundwork for a rational synthesis of C60: cyclodehydrogenation of a C60H30 polyarene. Science 294:828–831

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kaltashov IA, Eyles SJ (2005) Mass Spectrometry in Biophysics. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Rebeiro C (2015) Timing Channels in Cryptography: A Micro-Architectural Perspective. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Turnitsa C (2015) Conceptual Modeling. In: Loper ML (ed) Modeling and Simulation in the Systems Engineering Life Cycle: Core Concepts and Accompanying Lectures. Springer, London, pp 39–49

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Ornithology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Two-Headed Dolphin Washes Up On Turkish Beach. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/two-headed-dolphin-washes-turkish-beach/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2005) Digital Broadcast Television Transition: Several Challenges Could Arise in Administering a Subsidy Program for DTV Equipment. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Greenhall JA (2008) Elucidating mechanisms of accelerated neurological aging. Doctoral dissertation, University of California San Diego

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg B (2016) Review: ‘Danny Says,’ a Paean to a Rock Gadfly and Tastemaker. New York Times C10

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Behrensmeyer 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Errington and Debenedetti 2001; Behrensmeyer 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Errington and Debenedetti 2001)
Three or more authors: (Boorum et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Ornithology
Abbreviation	J. Ornithol.
ISSN (print)	2193-7192
ISSN (online)	2193-7206
Scope