How to format your references using the Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Check E (2002) Mouse genome: The real deal. Nature 420:457

A journal article with 2 authors

Mathieu RD, Geller AM (2009) A binary star fraction of 76 per cent and unusual orbit parameters for the blue stragglers of NGC 188. Nature 462:1032–1035

A journal article with 3 authors

Crespo-Hernández CE, Cohen B, Kohler B (2005) Base stacking controls excited-state dynamics in A.T DNA. Nature 436:1141–1144

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Clark PU, Mitrovica JX, Milne GA, Tamisiea ME (2002) Sea-level fingerprinting as a direct test for the source of global meltwater pulse IA. Science 295:2438–2441

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wiens JA (2016) Ecological Challenges and Conservation Conundrums. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Jugdutt BI, Dhalla NS (eds) (2013) Cardiac Remodeling: Molecular Mechanisms. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Peters JF, Ramanna S (2008) Feature Selection: Near Set Approach. In: Raś ZW, Tsumoto S, Zighed D (eds) Mining Complex Data: ECML/PKDD 2007 Third International Workshop, MCD 2007, Warsaw, Poland, September 17-21, 2007, Revised Selected Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 57–71

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Couple Found Holding Hands For 700 Years. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2013) Intermodal Transportation: Results of GAO’s Survey on Air-Rail Connectivity (GAO-13-692SP, August 2013), an E-supplement to GAO-13-691. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Horton CR (2013) Financial crisis within the nonprofit sector. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon M (2012) For Men, Sport’s Stigma Dampens Appeal. New York Times SP7

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Check 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Check 2002; Mathieu and Geller 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Mathieu and Geller 2009)
Three or more authors: (Clark et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
Abbreviation	J. Pharm. Investig.
ISSN (print)	2093-5552
ISSN (online)	2093-6214
Scope	Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) Pharmaceutical Science