How to format your references using the Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology (JPP). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Shatz CJ. Lawrence C. Katz (1956-2005). Nature 2006; 439(7073): 152.

A journal article with 2 authors

Barbraud C, Weimerskirch H. Emperor penguins and climate change. Nature 2001; 411(6834): 183–186.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hautier Y et al. Competition for light causes plant biodiversity loss after eutrophication. Science 2009; 324(5927): 636–638.

A journal article with 3 or more authors

Nakayama Y et al. Tunable nanowire nonlinear optical probe. Nature 2007; 447(7148): 1098–1101.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Dewulf G et al. Strategic Issues in Public-Private Partnerships. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012.

An edited book

Hagoel L. From the Margins to New Ground: An Autoethnography of Passage between Disciplines., (Kalekin-Fishman D, ed.). Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Arai T, Harino H. Contamination by Organotin Compounds in Asia. In: Arai T et al., eds. Ecotoxicology of Antifouling Biocides. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2009: 61–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology.

Blog post

Carpineti A. Early Giant Galaxy Seen Gorging On Intergalactic Gas. IFLScience 2016. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/space/early-giant-galaxy-seen-gorging-on-intergalactic-gas/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. VOR/DME and LORAN Expansion. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1993.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Strand K. Applying Public Relations Theory to Assess Service-Learning Relationships. 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wakabayashi D, Corkery M. Walmart And Google Partner, Eyes On Amazon. New York Times. August 23, 2017:B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference ^[1].
This sentence cites two references ^[1,2].
This sentence cites four references ^[1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Abbreviation	J. Pharm. Pharmacol.
ISSN (print)	0022-3573
ISSN (online)	2042-7158
Scope	Pharmaceutical Science Pharmacology