How to format your references using the Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Chen J 2001 Smithsonian closure plan under fire Nature 410 1011

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Quinn T C and Overbaugh J 2005 HIV/AIDS in women: an expanding epidemic Science 308 1582–3

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Meindl J D, Chen Q and Davis J A 2001 Limits on silicon nanoelectronics for terascale integration Science 293 2044–9

A journal article with 99 or more authors

[1]

Solomon P, Vanden Bout P, Carilli C and Guelin M 2003 The essential signature of a massive starburst in a distant quasar Nature 426 636–8

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Ellis R 2012 Language Teaching Research and Language Pedagogy (Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd)

An edited book

[1]

Dincer I, Hepbasli A, Midilli A and Karakoc T H 2010 Global Warming: Engineering Solutions (Boston, MA: Springer US)

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Guveli A, Ganzeboom H B G, Platt L, Nauck B, Baykara-Krumme H, Eroğlu Ş, Bayrakdar S, Sözeri E K and Spierings N 2016 Educational Attainment Intergenerational Consequences of Migration: Socio-economic, Family and Cultural Patterns of Stability and Change in Turkey and Europe ed H B G Ganzeboom, L Platt, B Nauck, H Baykara-Krumme, Ş Eroğlu, S Bayrakdar, E K Sözeri and N Spierings (London: Palgrave Macmillan UK) pp 71–89

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics.

Blog post

[1]

Davis J 2015 Your Blood Type Could Influence Your Chance Of Developing Alzheimer’s IFLScience

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office 1982 Budget Authority Rescission Proposals (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Holvick-Norton T 2015 Becoming Whole: The Process of Individuation for Women and Their Bodies Doctoral dissertation (Carpinteria, CA: Pacifica Graduate Institute)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Paulson M 2017 Denver Weather? ‘Frozen’ New York Times AR1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics
Abbreviation	J. Phys. D Appl. Phys.
ISSN (print)	0022-3727
ISSN (online)	1361-6463
Scope	Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Surfaces, Coatings and Films Acoustics and Ultrasonics Condensed Matter Physics