How to format your references using the Journal of Plankton Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Plankton Research (JPR). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gibson, M. (2003) Conservation. Fate of Iraqi archaeology. Science, 299, 1848–1849.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bartlett, D. H. and Azam, F. (2005) Microbiology. Chitin, cholera, and competence. Science, 310, 1775–1777.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mizukami, T., Wallis, S. R., and Yamamoto, J. (2004) Natural examples of olivine lattice preferred orientation patterns with a flow-normal a-axis maximum. Nature, 427, 432–436.

A journal article with 9 or more authors

Schroeter, H., Holt, R. R., Orozco, T. J., Schmitz, H. H., and Keen, C. L. (2003) Nutrition: milk and absorption of dietary flavanols. Nature, 426, 787–8; discussion 788.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Seabridge, A. and Morgan, S. (2010) Air Travel and Health. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Buchwald, H., Fleischmann, A., Seese, D., and Stary, C. (eds) (2010) S-BPM ONE – Setting the Stage for Subject-Oriented Business Process Management: First International Workshop, Karlsruhe, Germany, October 22, 2009. Revised Selected Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Corless, R. M. and Fillion, N. (2013) Solving Ax = λx. In Fillion, N. (ed), A Graduate Introduction to Numerical Methods: From the Viewpoint of Backward Error Analysis. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 239–268.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Plankton Research.

Blog post

Evans, K. (2017) Your Cringing Response To Nails On A Blackboard Now Has A Name. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2005) Health Information Technology: HHS Is Taking Steps to Develop a National Strategy. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hinchey, B. A. (2010) Punishing the Penitent: Disproportionate Fines in Recent FCPA Enforcements and Suggested Improvements.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gordon, M. (2015) Many Splendored Things. New York Times, BR10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gibson, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Gibson, 2003; Bartlett and Azam, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bartlett and Azam, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Schroeter et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Plankton Research
ISSN (print)	0142-7873
ISSN (online)	1464-3774
Scope