How to format your references using the Journal of Plant Ecology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Plant Ecology (JPE). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wu R (2004) Making an impact. Nature 428:206–207.

A journal article with 2 authors

Herberstein ME, Kemp DJ (2012) Physiology. A clearer view from fuzzy images. Science 335:409–410.

A journal article with 3 authors

Indjeian VB, Stern BM, Murray AW (2005) The centromeric protein Sgo1 is required to sense lack of tension on mitotic chromosomes. Science 307:130–133.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Kim S, Lee D, Liu X, Van Neste C, Jeon S, Thundat T (2013) Molecular recognition using receptor-free nanomechanical infrared spectroscopy based on a quantum cascade laser. Sci Rep 3:1111.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Mackevičius V (2014) Integral and Measure. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Hazani R, Mrad MA, Tauber D, Ulm J, Yan A, Yaremchuk MJ (eds) (2016) Clinical Diagnosis in Plastic Surgery. 1st ed. 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Terazono J, Izumita T, Asada N, Demura H, Hirata N (2007) Exploring Structural and Dimensional Similarities Within—Lunar Nomenclature System Using Query Interfaces. In S Bhalla (ed). Databases in Networked Information Systems: 5th International Workshop, DNIS 2007, Aizu-Wakamatsu, Japan, October 17-19, 2007. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 48–53.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Plant Ecology.

Blog post

Hale T (2016) IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/rosetta-watches-a-rare-outburst-from-comet-67p/ (30 October 2018, date last accessed).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1984) GAO Evaluation of Report by Technassociates, Inc., on the Evaluation of Written Products Delivered by the National Center for Research in Vocational Education. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Grantham SC (2014) Dual Eligibles’ Experience of Care in North Carolina’s Patient-Centered Medical Home. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly C (2009) For the Stressed Business Owner, a Range of Pursuits to Revive the Spirit. New York Times B7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wu 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Wu 2004; Herberstein and Kemp 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Herberstein and Kemp 2012)
Three or more authors: (Kim et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Plant Ecology
ISSN (print)	1752-9921
ISSN (online)	1752-993X
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Plant Science Ecology