How to format your references using the Journal of Refugee Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Refugee Studies (JRS). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

GUPTA, S. (2015) ‘From gadgets to the smart grid’. Nature 526(7575): S90-1.

A journal article with 2 authors

ORTEGA-JIMENEZ, V. M. and DUDLEY, R. (2013) ‘Spiderweb deformation induced by electrostatically charged insects’. Scientific reports 3: 2108.

A journal article with 3 authors

ZHAI, M., ZHAO, G. and ZHANG, Q. (2002) ‘Is the Dongwanzi complex an Archean ophiolite?’ Science (New York, N.Y.) 295(5557): 923.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

XIANG, S., COOPER-MORGAN, A., JIAO, X., KILEDJIAN, M., MANLEY, J. L. and TONG, L. (2009) ‘Structure and function of the 5’-->3’ exoribonuclease Rat1 and its activating partner Rai1’. Nature 458(7239): 784–788.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

ZHANG, K. Q. T. (2015) Wireless Communications. Chichester, UK, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

BRAY, M., ADAMSON, B. and MASON, M. (eds) (2014) Comparative Education Research: Approaches and Methods. Second Edition. Cham, Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

AGOSTINI, M., CASI, M., DE LAURO, F., MATTONE, V. and BARTOLOMEI, M. (2011) ‘Brain Imaging with SPECT-CT’. In Farsad, M. and Mansi, L. (eds) Atlas of SPECT-CT. Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer, pp. 121–132.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Refugee Studies.

Blog post

HALE, T. (2017) A “Potentially Hazardous” Asteroid Will Fly By Earth This Month. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE (2001) Schools and Libraries Program: Update on State-Level Funding by Category of Service. GAO-01-673. Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

BECKER, M. (2017) Women’s Descriptions Six Months Post Notification of Positive BRCA 1/2 Genetic Mutations.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

KISHKOVSKY, S. (2006) In Moscow, A Museum Shows Off Its Stars. New York Times: E4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gupta 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Ortega-Jimenez and Dudley 2013; Gupta 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ortega-Jimenez and Dudley 2013)
Three or more authors: (Xiang and others 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Refugee Studies
ISSN (print)	0951-6328
ISSN (online)	1471-6925
Scope