How to format your references using the Journal of Risk Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Risk Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Coates, Andrew J. 2011. “Planetary Science. Io’s Tortured Interior.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 332 (6034): 1157–1158.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gaudet, J., and S. E. Mango. 2002. “Regulation of Organogenesis by the Caenorhabditis Elegans FoxA Protein PHA-4.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 295 (5556): 821–825.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bristow, C. S., S. D. Bailey, and N. Lancaster. 2000. “The Sedimentary Structure of Linear Sand Dunes.” Nature 406 (6791): 56–59.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Gendrel, Anne-Valérie, Zachary Lippman, Cristy Yordan, Vincent Colot, and Robert A. Martienssen. 2002. “Dependence of Heterochromatic Histone H3 Methylation Patterns on the Arabidopsis Gene DDM1.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 297 (5588): 1871–1873.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bakshi, Amol B., and Viktor K. Prasanna. 2007. Architecture-Independent Programming for Wireless Sensor Networks. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Kılıçman, Adem, Hari M. Srivastava, M. Mursaleen, and Zanariah Abdul Majid, eds. 2016. Recent Advances in Mathematical Sciences: Selected Papers from ICREM7 2015. Singapore: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Liu, Mingyan, and Zongding Hu. 2014. “Concluding Remarks.” In Nonlinear Analysis and Prediction of Time Series in Multiphase Reactors, edited by Zongding Hu, 43–44. SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Risk Research.

Blog post

Andrew, Danielle. 2016. “GMOs Lead The Fight Against Zika, Ebola And The Next Unknown Pandemic.” IFLScience, IFLScience, July 29. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/gmos-lead-the-fight-against-zika-ebola-and-the-next-unknown-pandemic/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2003. Information Technology: Architecture Needed to Guide NASA’s Financial Management Modernization. GAO-04-43. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Swift, Ian. 2011. “The Perceived Effect of Hidden Costs on the Operational Management of Information Technology Outsourcing: A Qualitative Study.” Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, Mary Williams. 2012. “S.E.C. Suggests Reforms Of Municipal Bond Market.” New York Times, August 1, 2012.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Coates 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Coates 2011; Gaudet and Mango 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gaudet and Mango 2002)
Three authors: (Bristow, Bailey, and Lancaster 2000)
4 or more authors: (Gendrel et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Risk Research
Abbreviation	J. Risk Res.
ISSN (print)	1366-9877
ISSN (online)	1466-4461
Scope	Strategy and Management General Engineering Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality General Social Sciences