How to format your references using the Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Koen D. Nuts and bolts. Soft skills. Nature 2005;435:126.

A journal article with 2 authors

Yonezawa T, Hasegawa M. Was the universal common ancestry proved? Nature 2010;468:E9; discussion E10.

A journal article with 3 authors

Monje ML, Toda H, Palmer TD. Inflammatory blockade restores adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Science 2003;302:1760–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Zhou B, He Z, Jiang L-L, Wang N-X, Wang B-H. Bidirectional selection between two classes in complex social networks. Sci Rep 2014;4:7577.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Montgomery GE, Schuch HC. GIS Data Conversion Handbook. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2007.

An edited book

O’Riordan L, Zmuda P, Heinemann S, editors. New Perspectives on Corporate Social Responsibility: Locating the Missing Link. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Chen W, Shen S. The Application of CT and MRI in Hepatectomy. In: Yan L, editor. Operative Techniques in Liver Resection, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2016, p. 21–42.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew D. Watch As Laboratory Animals See Sunlight And Feel Grass For The First Time. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/animals-see-sunlight-and-feel-grass-first-time/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Staffing Implications of Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System and Remote Sensing Activities. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1980.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Shah N. High Performance Cryptography for Electronic Product Code for Internet of Things Applications. Doctoral dissertation. University of Louisiana, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(nyt) SK. World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Miners’ Hunger Strike. New York Times 2004:A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Koen, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Koen, 2005; Yonezawa and Hasegawa, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Yonezawa and Hasegawa, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Zhou et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering
ISSN (print)	1674-7755
Scope