How to format your references using the Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Renne, P. R. (2002). Geology. Flood basalts--bigger and badder. Science (New York, N.Y.), 296(5574), 1812–1813.

A journal article with 2 authors

Emerson, B. C., & Kolm, N. (2005). Species diversity can drive speciation. Nature, 434(7036), 1015–1017.

A journal article with 3 authors

Cronin, T. W., Caldwell, R. L., & Marshall, J. (2001). Sensory adaptation. Tunable colour vision in a mantis shrimp. Nature, 411(6837), 547–548.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Mangalassery, S., Sjögersten, S., Sparkes, D. L., Sturrock, C. J., Craigon, J., & Mooney, S. J. (2014). To what extent can zero tillage lead to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from temperate soils? Scientific Reports, 4, 4586.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Glover, F., Klingman, D., & Phillips, N. V. (1992). Network Models in Optimization and their Applications in Practice. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Ferre, M., Buss, M., Aracil, R., Melchiorri, C., & Balaguer, C. (Eds.). (2007). Advances in Telerobotics (Vol. 31). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Zhou, X., Liu, W., Li, Z., & Gao, W. (2014). A Continuous Virtual Vector-Based Algorithm for Measuring Cardinality Distribution. In X.-H. Sun, W. Qu, I. Stojmenovic, W. Zhou, Z. Li, H. Guo, G. Min, T. Yang, Y. Wu, & L. Liu (Eds.), Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing: 14th International Conference, ICA3PP 2014, Dalian, China, August 24-27, 2014. Proceedings, Part II (pp. 43–53). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J. (2016, December 8). How To Watch Next Week’s Geminid Meteor Shower. IFLScience. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1972). Identification of NASA Research and Development Programs Subject to Benefit-Cost Analysis (B-176104). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lake, A. D. (2013). Hepatic stress response mechanisms in progressive human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Casey, N. (2016, March 31). Rebel Group in Colombia Enters Talks. New York Times, A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Renne, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Emerson & Kolm, 2005; Renne, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Emerson & Kolm, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Mangalassery et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment
Abbreviation	J. Subst. Abuse Treat.
ISSN (print)	0740-5472
Scope	Medicine (miscellaneous) Psychiatry and Mental health Phychiatric Mental Health Clinical Psychology