How to format your references using the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Plasterk RHA. RNA silencing: the genome’s immune system. Science. 2002;296(5571):1263-1265.

A journal article with 2 authors

Duncan RP, Williams PA. Ecology: Darwin’s naturalization hypothesis challenged. Nature. 2002;417(6889):608-609.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bugreev DV, Mazina OM, Mazin AV. Rad54 protein promotes branch migration of Holliday junctions. Nature. 2006;442(7102):590-593.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Journet L, Agrain C, Broz P, Cornelis GR. The needle length of bacterial injectisomes is determined by a molecular ruler. Science. 2003;302(5651):1757-1760.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schwartz P, Kempner M. 50 Great Myths of Human Sexuality. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

Plessis JJ du. German Corporate Governance in International and European Context. (Großfeld B, Luttermann C, Saenger I, Sandrock O, eds.). Springer; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

Vilain C. Circular and Rectilinear Motion in the Mechanica and in the 16th Century. In: Laird WR, Roux S, eds. Mechanics and Natural Philosophy Before the Scientific Revolution. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science. Springer Netherlands; 2007:149-172.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

Blog post

Andrew E. Researchers Could Help Predict People At Risk Of Schizophrenia Using New Scanning Methods. IFLScience. May 13, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/researchers-could-help-predict-people-risk-schizophrenia-using-new-scanning/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Meeting the Government’s Technology Challenge: Results of a GAO Symposium. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1990.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lim K. An Inquiry of How Art Education Policies Are Reflected in Art Teacher Preparation: Examining the Standards for Visual Arts and Art Teacher Certification. Doctoral dissertation. Indiana University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shpigel B. Where Gold Cloth Is the Standard. New York Times. June 5, 2017:D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Abbreviation	J. Am. Acad. Dermatol.
ISSN (print)	0190-9622
Scope	Dermatology