How to format your references using the Journal of Theoretical and Applied Physics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Theoretical and Applied Physics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik, P.: Battling the brain drain. Nature. 415, 3 (2002)

A journal article with 2 authors

Ekström, G., Stark, C.P.: Simple scaling of catastrophic landslide dynamics. Science. 339, 1416–1419 (2013)

A journal article with 3 authors

Seufert, V., Ramankutty, N., Foley, J.A.: Comparing the yields of organic and conventional agriculture. Nature. 485, 229–232 (2012)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Tumino, A., Spitaleri, C., La Cognata, M., Cherubini, S., Guardo, G.L., Gulino, M., Hayakawa, S., Indelicato, I., Lamia, L., Petrascu, H., Pizzone, R.G., Puglia, S.M.R., Rapisarda, G.G., Romano, S., Sergi, M.L., Spartá, R., Trache, L.: An increase in the 12C + 12C fusion rate from resonances at astrophysical energies. Nature. 557, 687–690 (2018)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Walker, A.: Solar Energy. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ (2013)

An edited book

Seto, M.L. ed: Marine Robot Autonomy. Springer, New York, NY (2013)

A chapter in an edited book

Massey, S., Quirk, S.: Initial Processing. In: Massey, S. (ed.) Deep-Sky Video Astronomy. pp. 71–81. Springer, New York, NY (2009)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Theoretical and Applied Physics.

Blog post

Andrew, E.: Lyrid Meteor Shower Peak Live Webcast

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Mass Transit: WMATA Is Addressing Many Challenges, but Capital Planning Could Be Improved. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2001)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Komatsuzaki, T.: Borrowing constraints and the business cycle in emerging markets, (2012)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Johnson, G.: Unearthing Prehistoric Tumors, and Debate, (2010)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Physics
Abbreviation	J. Theor. Appl. Phys.
ISSN (print)	1735-9325
ISSN (online)	2251-7235
Scope	Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)