How to format your references using the Labour Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Labour Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Aebischer, P., 2012. Philanthropy: The price of charity. Nature 481, 260.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ewald, A.J., Egeblad, M., 2014. Cancer: Sugar-coated cell signalling. Nature 511, 298–299.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hsieh, C.-S., Kovářík, J., Logan, T., 2014. How central are clients in sexual networks created by commercial sex? Sci. Rep. 4, 7540.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Chen, Q., Wu, J., Ou, X., Huang, B., Almutlaq, J., Zhumekenov, A.A., Guan, X., Han, S., Liang, L., Yi, Z., Li, J., Xie, X., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Fan, D., Teh, D.B.L., All, A.H., Mohammed, O.F., Bakr, O.M., Wu, T., Bettinelli, M., Yang, H., Huang, W., Liu, X., 2018. All-inorganic perovskite nanocrystal scintillators. Nature 561, 88–93.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hunt, P.J., Kennedy, J.E., 2005. Financial Derivatives in Theory and Practice: Hunt/Financial Derivatives, Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Handa, H., Ishibuchi, H., Ong, Y.-S., Tan, K.C. (Eds.), 2015. Proceedings of the 18th Asia Pacific Symposium on Intelligent and Evolutionary Systems, Volume 1, Proceedings in Adaptation, Learning and Optimization. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Stelzer, V., Quintero, A., 2014. Climate Change Impacts on the Energy Sector and Adaptation Options, in: Krellenberg, K., Hansjürgens, B. (Eds.), Climate Adaptation Santiago. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 81–105.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Labour Economics.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. What Does Exposure To Environmental Chemicals Mean For Our Health? [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/what-does-exposure-environmental-chemicals-mean-our-health/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1993. TQM Implementation at NASA (No. GGD-93-28R). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Surges, G., 2015. Generative Audio Systems: Musical Applications of Time-Varying Feedback Networks and Computational Aesthetics (Doctoral dissertation). University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Oren, M.B., 2017. The Iran Deal Isn’t Worth Saving. New York Times A23.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Aebischer, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Aebischer, 2012; Ewald and Egeblad, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ewald and Egeblad, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Chen et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Labour Economics
Abbreviation	Labour Econ.
ISSN (print)	0927-5371
Scope	Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management Economics and Econometrics