How to format your references using the Language Resources and Evaluation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Language Resources and Evaluation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Desplan, C. (2007). Time to pick the fly’s brain. Nature, 450(7167), 173.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ferreira, P. G., & Starkman, G. D. (2009). Einstein’s theory of gravity and the problem of missing mass. Science (New York, N.Y.), 326(5954), 812–815.

A journal article with 3 authors

Navarrete, A., van Schaik, C. P., & Isler, K. (2011). Energetics and the evolution of human brain size. Nature, 480(7375), 91–93.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Johnston, R. J., Poholek, A. C., DiToro, D., Yusuf, I., Eto, D., Barnett, B., et al. (2009). Bcl6 and Blimp-1 are reciprocal and antagonistic regulators of T follicular helper cell differentiation. Science (New York, N.Y.), 325(5943), 1006–1010.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Duggan, D. (2012). Enterprise Software Architecture and Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Bartl, R. (2009). Osteoporosis: Diagnosis, Prevention, Therapy. (B. Frisch, Ed.) (Second Revised Edition.). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Tibor, G., Sade, R., Hall, J. K., Ben-Avraham, Z., & Nishri, A. (2014). Lake Bathymetry and Bottom Morphology. In T. Zohary, A. Sukenik, T. Berman, & A. Nishri (Eds.), Lake Kinneret: Ecology and Management (pp. 59–68). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Language Resources and Evaluation.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, June 29). Universal Sperm Bank Would Strike at a Core Human Freedom. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/universal-sperm-bank-would-strike-core-human-freedom/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2001). Intercollegiate Athletics: Four-Year Colleges’ Experiences Adding and Discontinuing Teams (No. GAO-01-297). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Parsons, A. T. (2010). Metal-catalyzed annulations of strained cycloalkanes (Doctoral dissertation). University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rothenberg, B. (2016, August 31). Bouchard Is Out, but Her Concussion Suit From the 2015 Open Goes On. New York Times, p. B9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Desplan 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Desplan 2007; Ferreira and Starkman 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ferreira and Starkman 2009)
Three or more authors: (Johnston et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Language Resources and Evaluation
Abbreviation	Lang. Resour. Eval.
ISSN (print)	1574-020X
ISSN (online)	1574-0218
Scope	Language and Linguistics Education Library and Information Sciences Linguistics and Language